1900s
Victorian and Queen Anne
These homes were lit by gas first and wired for power later. Inside the attic and the wall cavities we find knob-and-tube, the original residential wiring method. Bare copper rides on porcelain knobs and passes through porcelain tubes where it crosses a stud. There is no ground wire. Many ceiling boxes still hold the iron pipe that once fed a gas chandelier.
Today: a full home rewire is the usual outcome. Modern insurers will not write a policy with active knob-and-tube. We pull new copper Romex circuit by circuit, ground every box, and add AFCI breakers to meet the current Wheaton code.